What is the full medical term for kidney stones?

The full medical term for kidney stones is renal calculi. This terminology originates from the Latin terms where "renal" refers to the kidneys, and "calculi" means stones. Kidney stones are developed from crystallized minerals and salts that form in the urine and can cause significant pain and various complications if they obstruct the urinary tract. Understanding this term is crucial in the context of emergency medicine, as it helps healthcare professionals identify and address related symptoms and conditions effectively.

The other terms mentioned refer to different medical conditions; for instance, cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder, nephritis is inflammation of the kidneys, and urethritis is the inflammation of the urethra. Each of these conditions has distinct causes and treatments that are separate from those related to kidney stones.