What does the suffix '-osis' typically refer to in medical terminology?

The suffix '-osis' is commonly used in medical terminology to denote a disease or a pathological condition. It often indicates an abnormal state or process that affects a specific part of the body or a function. For example, in terms like "neurosis" or "fibrosis," the suffix signifies an alteration from normal health, suggesting a disorder or condition that requires clinical attention.

Recognizing this terminology is crucial in the medical field, as it provides important context regarding a patient’s diagnosis and helps healthcare professionals understand the underlying issues that may be impacting the patient's health. The other options do not accurately capture the meaning of '-osis,' as they refer to different concepts in medical language such as surgical procedures or states of health, which are not implied by this particular suffix.